The Republic of Cameroon is a country in Western Africa with a population of 18,060,382. The birth rate is estimated at 35.07 births per 1,000 population and the mortality rate at 12.66 per 1,000 people; the country population growth rate at 2.241% (2007 est.). The life expectancy is 52.86 years (52.15 years for males and 53.59 years for females). The total fertility rate is 4.49 children born/woman (2007 est.), and infant mortality rate is 65.84 deaths/1,000 live births (male: 70.73 years, female: 60.79 years, 2007 est.)

The prevalence of HIV/AIDS in adult population was estimated to be 2.8% (2006), with 510,000 people believed to be living with HIV/AIDS and 46,000 (2006) people have died in the pandemic. There are about 240, 000 children living with HIV/AIDS (2006) and 46,000 orphaned by AIDS.